ABSTRACT
In this paper we analyze the budgets of LaLiga First Division football teams in Spain during the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 season, it is said, before and after COVID-19. A comparison is made using the Gini Index and the Lorenz Curve, and it is observed that exists a great inequality that has decreased due to the economic repercussions of the pandemic (decrease in tickets office income, expenses derived from health prevention, etc.). This decrease, compared to the economic inequality that exist among countries, and that is measured and published by World Bank through the Gini Index, means that of a total of one hundred and fifty-six countries, LaLiga has gone from third to seventh position. A great inequality in any case, which has sporting repercussions both on the national and international scene. Alternate : En este trabajo analizamos los presupuestos de los equipos de fútbol de la Primera División de LaLiga en España durante las temporadas 2019-2020 y 2020-2021, es decir, antes y después del COVID-19. Se realiza una comparación mediante el Índice de Gini y la Curva de Lorenz, observándose la existencia de una gran desigualdad que ha disminuido un poco debido a las repercusiones económicas que ha tenido la pandemia (disminución de los ingresos de taquilla, gastos derivados de la prevención sanitaria, etc.). Esta disminución, haciendo un paralelismo en comparación con la desigualdad económica que existe entre países, y que es medida y publicada por el Banco Munidal a través del Índice de Gini, hace que, de un total de ciento cincuenta y seis países, LaLiga haya pasado de la tercera a la séptima posición. Una gran desigualdad, en cualquier caso, que tiene repercusiones deportivas tanto en el panorama nacional como en el internacional.Alternate :Neste trabalho analisamos os orçamentos dos times de futebol da Primeira Divisão LaLiga na Espanha durante as temporadas 2019-2020 e 2020-2021, ou seja, antes e depois do COVID-19. É feita uma comparação utilizando o Índice de Gini e a Curva de Lorenz, observando a existência de grande desigualdade que tem diminuído um pouco devido às repercussões econômicas da pandemia (queda nas receitas de bilheteria, gastos derivados de prevenção sanitária, etc.). Essa queda, fazendo um paralelo com a comparação com a desigualdade econômica existente entre os países, e que é medida e divulgada pelo Banco Munidal através do Índice de Gini, significa que, de um total de cento e cinquenta e seis países, a LaLiga tem passou da terceira para a sétima posição. Uma grande desigualdade, em todo caso, que tem repercussões esportivas tanto no cenário nacional quanto internacional.
ABSTRACT
In this study, we will look at a new flexible model known as the new double-weighted Weibull distribution. The new Weibull double-weighted distribution model is highly versatile because numerous submodels are included. The proposed model is very flexible because its density function has many shapes;it can be right skewness, decreasing, and unimodal. Also, the hazard rate function can be increasing, decreasing, up-side-down, and J-shaped. Diverse features of the novel are computed. These qualities include moments, incomplete moments, and Lorenz and Bonferroni curves and quantiles, as well as entropy and order statistics. The maximum likelihood approach is used to estimate the model's parameters. In order to evaluate the accuracy and performance of maximum likelihood estimators, simulation data are presented. The utility and adaptability of the proposed model are demonstrated by utilizing three significant datasets: daily fatalities confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Egypt and Georgia and relief times of twenty patients using an analgesic. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Discrete Dynamics in Nature & Society is the property of Hindawi Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Disparities in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing-the pandemic's most critical but limited resource-may be an important but modifiable driver of COVID-19 inequities. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Missouri State Department of Health and Senior Services on all COVID-19 tests conducted in the St Louis and Kansas City regions. We adapted a well-established tool for measuring inequity-the Lorenz curve-to compare COVID-19 testing rates per diagnosed case among Black and White populations. RESULTS: Between 14/3/2020 and 15/9/2020, 606 725 and 328 204 COVID-19 tests were conducted in the St Louis and Kansas City regions, respectively. Over time, Black individuals consistently had approximately half the rate of testing per case than White individuals. In the early period (14/3/2020 to 15/6/2020), zip codes in the lowest quartile of testing rates accounted for only 12.1% and 8.8% of all tests in the St Louis and Kansas City regions, respectively, even though they accounted for 25% of all cases in each region. These zip codes had higher proportions of residents who were Black, without insurance, and with lower median incomes. These disparities were reduced but still persisted during later phases of the pandemic (16/6/2020 to 15/9/2020). Last, even within the same zip code, Black residents had lower rates of tests per case than White residents. CONCLUSIONS: Black populations had consistently lower COVID-19 testing rates per diagnosed case than White populations in 2 Missouri regions. Public health strategies should proactively focus on addressing equity gaps in COVID-19 testing to improve equity of the overall response.